Panama carbon emissions and environmental impact

Panama air pollution

Panama as an air pollution mortality rate of 25.8 per 100,000 population. The mean annual exposure of PM2.5 in Panama is 11.4 mg/m³, endangering 71.6% of its population according to the World Health Organisation guidelines.

Panama energy

The energy intensity level of primary energy in Panama is 2.17 MJ/$2011 PPP GDP. 89.0% of Panama population has access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking, and the renewable energy consumption represent 21.2% of the country's total energy consumption.

Electricity production breakdown:

• Oil, gas and coal sources: 34.67%
• Renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric: 4.56%
• Renewable electricity output: 65.33%

Panama territory

The territory of Panama has a surface area of 75420 km², 74340 of which being land area. Forests represents 61.9% of the land with 46006 km². Around 1.7% of territorial waters are protected marine areas.